Load a raster layer:
uri = "D:/Python_QGIS/data/dem_subset.tif"
rlayer = iface.addRasterLayer(uri, "my_raster", "gdal")
Check if the raster layer is valid or not:
if rlayer.isValid():
print("Great this is a valid raster layer!")
else:
print("This is invalid raster layer!")